Flexible perovskite development and technology

As a representative of the third generation of photovoltaic technology, perovskite solar cells have become a research hotspot in the field of new energy due to their high conversion efficiency, low cost and flexibility potential. However, the preparation of large-area uniform thin films has always been a technical bottleneck in its industrialization process. The traditional spin coating method is only suitable for small-scale laboratory production, while ultrasonic spraying technology provides an efficient solution for the large-area preparation of perovskite cells with its unique atomization mechanism and parameter adjustability.

The preparation process of flexible perovskite devices is basically the same as that of rigid perovskites. For the coating of dry or wet technology, the main consideration is the cost-effectiveness of the process. At present, the industry mainly focuses on wet coating. Flexible perovskites can use roll-to-roll technology in the long term to further improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. Flexible perovskites have higher requirements for lasers and stricter precision control. The packaging process can refer to the OLED packaging method, but the preparation requirements are simpler. Manufacturers with experience in producing panel packaging materials may have first-mover advantages on the material side.

Shanghai Yangmi roll-to-roll spraying equipment: Through ultrasonic nozzle atomization, the perovskite precursor solution is evenly atomized, and continuous and high-precision spraying is achieved on the flexible PET/PI substrate. Combined with the precision motion control system and the online drying method, it can achieve spraying and drying at the same time, and avoid substrate damage by non-contact spraying. The material utilization rate is more than 80%, providing efficient and flexible industrial solutions for wearable devices, building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and other scenarios, and promoting the leap of perovskite technology from the laboratory to gigawatt-level green energy production.

Core advantages of ultrasonic spraying

1. High uniformity and low defect rate: Ultrasonic spraying precisely atomizes the perovskite precursor solution into micron-level uniform droplets, and controls the film thickness and crystal quality by adjusting parameters such as frequency, amplitude and spraying speed, reducing the "coffee ring" effect and splashing phenomenon common in traditional spin coating, and significantly improving the uniformity and density of perovskite films.

2. High material utilization rate and cost advantage: The material waste rate of traditional spin coating is as high as more than 90%, while ultrasonic spraying can increase the material utilization rate to more than 80% through directional deposition, greatly reducing the consumption of perovskite precursor solution, which meets the needs of industrial cost reduction.

3. Large area and flexible substrate compatibility: Ultrasonic spraying is suitable for rigid (glass, silicon wafer) and flexible (FPSC) substrates, and can cover substrates ranging from square centimeters to square meters.

4. Precise deposition of multi-layer functional coatings: Perovskite cells require a multi-layer structure to work together, including a transparent conductive layer (TCO), an electron transport layer (ETL), a perovskite layer, and a hole transport layer (HTL).